ASTM A213 T91 tubes are made from a specific grade of alloy steel known as T91. The chemical composition of T91 steel typically includes elements such as chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium, which impart excellent high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance.These tubes are produced using a seamless manufacturing process, which means they have no welded seams. This seamless construction is important for applications involving high temperatures and pressure, as it reduces the risk of weak points that can lead to failure.
Grade | UNS Number |
Heat Treat Type | Austenitizing/ Solutioning Temperature, min or range ºF [ºC] |
Cooling Media | Subcritical Annealing or Tempering Temperature, min or range ºF [ºC] |
ASTM Grain S |
Ferritic Alloy Steels | ||||||
T91 | K90901 | normalize and temper | 1900–1975 [1040–1080] |
… | 1350–1470 [730–800] | … |
Chemical Composition of ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Boiler Tubes
Chemical Composition(%) | |||||||||||
C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Mo | V | N | Ni | Al | Nb |
0.07-0.14 | 0.3-0.6 | ≤0.02 | ≤0.01 | 0.2-0.5 | 8.0-9.5 | 0.85-1.05 | 0.18-0.25 | 0.03-0.07 | ≤0.4 | ≤0.04 | 0.06-0.10 |
Mechanical Properties of ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Boiler Tubes
Low Alloy Steels | ||||||
Grade | UNS Designation |
Tensile Strength, min, ksi [MPa] |
Yield Strength, min, ksi [MPa] |
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % |
Hardness | |
Brinell/Vickers | Rockwell | |||||
T91 | K90901 | 85 [585] | 60 [415] | 20 | 190 to 250 HBW/ 196 to 265 HV |
90 HRB to 25 |
Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1 ⁄ 8in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or thinner than 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] in thickness.
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